![]() Damage to the main blood vessel leading from the heart (aorta).Tumor of the myelin sheath (schwannoma).Causes related to nerve damage in this region may include: This neuron path extends from the spinal column, across the upper part of the chest and into the side of the neck. Cyst in the spinal column (syringomyelia).Diseases that cause the loss of the protective sheath on neurons (myelin).Problems in this region that can disrupt nerve function related to Horner syndrome include: This neuron pathway leads from the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, passes through the brainstem and extends into the upper portion of the spinal cord. The nerve pathway affected by Horner syndrome is divided into three groups of nerve cells (neurons). ![]() The sympathetic nervous system regulates heart rate, pupil size, perspiration, blood pressure and other functions that enable you to respond quickly to changes in your environment. Horner syndrome is caused by damage to a certain pathway in the sympathetic nervous system.
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